Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care of Girls and Women With Turner Syndrome: Proceedings From the 2016 Cincinnati International Turner Syndrome Meeting
European Journal of Endocrinology
Gravholt, C. H., Andersen, N. H., et al. (2017).
European Journal of Endocrinology, 177(3), G1-G70.
This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the management of children and adults with Turner Syndrome.
International Turner Syndrome Consensus Group
European Society of Endocrinology; Pediatric Endocrine Society; European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology; European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
"We recommend a formal audiometric evaluation every 5 years regardless of the initial age at diagnosis, initial hearing threshold levels, karyotype and/or presence of a mid-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, to assure early and adequate technical and other rehabilitative measures" (Strong recommendation; Low evidence; p. G34).
"We recommend that neuropsychology and allied behavioral health services [such as a speech-language pathologist] [are] integrated into the care for girls and women with [Turner Syndrome] TS" (Strong recommendation; Moderate evidence; p. G43). Results indicated that girls with TS may have average to above-average performance on standardized language functioning, but may have weaknesses with language requiring executive functioning skills or spatial language.
