Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
American Journal of Psychiatry
Hill, N. T., Mowszowski, L., et al. (2017).
American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(4), 329-340.
This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of computer-based cognitive training in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.
Not stated
Through July 1, 2016
Randomized controlled trials
25
Seventeen studies of moderate quality examined the efficacy of computer-based cognitive training for individuals with MCI (Hedges’ g=0.35). Significant effects were found across a number of other domains:<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">global cognition (k=12,g=0.38);</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">verbal learning (k=11, g=0.39</span><span style="color: #333333;">);</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">verbal memory (k=12, g=0.42);</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;"> nonverbal learning (k=8, g=0.50);</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">attention (k=6, g=0.44</span><span style="color: #333333;">);</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">working memory (k=9, g=0.74); and</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333;">psychosocial functioning (k=8, g=0.52).</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: #333333;">No significant effects were noted on nonverbal memory, executive functioning, processing speed, visuospatial skills, language, or instrumental activities of daily living. Individual studies suggested reduced maintenance of effects, however, results regarding maintenance were inconclusive due to limited data. This review was limited by small sample sizes.</span>
Twelve studies examined the efficacy of computer-based cognitive training for individuals with dementia, however all were delivered via virtual reality of Nintendo Wii. The findings revealed small but statistically significant effects on overall cognitive outcomes (k=11, g=0.26). Improvements were also noted for visuospatial skills s (k=3, g=0.54). No statistically significant effects were found on any specific cognitive domains.
