Quantitative Measurement of Swallowing Performance Using Iowa Oral Performance Instrument: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Biomedicines
Franciotti, R., Di Maria, E., et al. (2022).
Biomedicines, 10(9), 2319.
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the reliability of the Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) in distinguishing healthy controls from people with swallowing disorders and/or pathologies. Pre- and post-treatment IOPI findings are additionally explored.
No funding received
December 31,1999 to September 2022
Case-controlled studies and intervention studies
33 (26 included in meta-analysis)
Findings demonstrated that the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) detected an average difference in maximum tongue pressure (MIP) values of 18.2 KPa between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with swallowing disorders and/or pathologies. Adults averaged a 21.0 KPa difference in MIP between HCs and adults with swallowing disorders and/or pathologies, while children averaged a 15.4 KPa difference. Mixed results were noted in tongue endurance, with a slight but insignificant trend towards patients with swallowing disorders and/or pathologies exhibiting less overall tongue strength endurance. Results should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity in included population and small sample sizes of included studies. Further research is indicated.
Findings demonstrated that maximum tongue pressure (MTP) values on the Iowa Objective Performance Instrument (IOPI) were higher following SLP treatment than before. Better outcomes were noted following "experimental tongue training exercises" (e.g., myofunctional therapy, effortful swallowing training, tongue isometric pressure exercises, tongue resistance exercises, tongue strength and accuracy training, or app-based programs) versus traditional dysphagia therapy, with an overall effect of 10.8 KPa and 2.3 KPa respectively. Results should be interpreted with caution due to lack of reported psychometrics for IOPI measures as a diagnostic tool, vaguely defined "experimental tongue training exercises," heterogeneity in included population, and small sample sizes of included studies. Further research is indicated.
