Social Determinants of Health and Language and Academic Outcomes in Pediatric Cochlear Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
JAMA Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery
Mueller, L., Adkins, D., et al. (2024).
JAMA Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, 151(1), 29-38.
<div>This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the contribution of social determinants of health to language and academic outcomes in children with cochlear implants.</div>
National Institutes of Health
From database inception to August 2, 2023
<div>Original research published in English</div>
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<div>For children with cochlear implants, meta-analysis revealed:</div>
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<ul>
<li>a moderate-to-strong association between expressive language scores and parental education (β = 0.45);</li>
<li>a moderate association between speech perception scores and parental education (β = 0.27);</li>
<li>a moderate association between socio-economic status and expressive language (β = −0.47), speech perception (β = −0.31), and receptive language (β = −0.37);</li>
<li>a moderate association for age at cochlear implantation with standardized expressive language scores (β = −0.30);</li>
<li>a weak or no association between age at cochlear implantation and speech perception (β = −0.14), receptive language (β = −0.12), and total language scores (β = −0.03);</li>
<li>no statistically significant association of cochlear implant use duration with standardized speech perception, receptive language, and expressive language scores;</li>
<li>a moderate association between parental involvement and total language abilities (β = 0.30);</li>
<li>a moderate association of mainstream school setting on standardized receptive language scores (β = 0.37);</li>
<li>a strong association between the age of cochlear implantation and academic reading abilities (β = −0.53); and</li>
<li>insufficient data for meta-analysis of the impact of insurance status, race and ethnicity, multilingualism, and geographic distance from a speech-language therapy center on language outcomes.</li>
</ul>
<div>Limitations to this study include the potential for publication bias.</div>
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